General Principle of Tort and Specific Wrong
General Principle of Tort and Specific Wrong , Branch: II (Torts and Crime),Semester: Third,Paper:
1. Concept of Tortious Liability
https://advocatesandhyarathore.com/2025/01/04/concept-of-tortious-liability/
a. Definition of Tort
b. Distinction from contractual liability
c. Distinction from criminal liability
d. Damnum Sine Injuria
e. Injuria Sine Damno
2. Strict Liability
https://advocatesandhyarathore.com/2025/01/04/strict-liability-कठोर-उत्तरदायित्व-2/
a. Dangerous things – Escape – Non-natural use of land
b. The Rule in Rylands v. Fletcher.
https://advocatesandhyarathore.com/2025/01/04/rylands-v-fletcher-के-बचाव-defences/
c. Defences to the Rule
3. The Rule of Absolute Liability –
https://advocatesandhyarathore.com/2024/12/28/absolute-liability-पूर्ण-उत्तरदायित्व/
The Rule in M.C. Mehta vs. Union of India
4. Statutory Liability.
https://advocatesandhyarathore.com/2024/12/28/statutory-liability-वैधानिक-उत्तरदायित्व/
5. Vicarious Liability.
https://advocatesandhyarathore.com/2025/01/04/vicarious-liability-प्रतिनिधिक-उत्तरदायि/
a. Master and Servant
b. Who is a Servant?
c. Lending a Servant
d. What is the course of employment – Carelessness of servant – Mistake of servant – Willful wrong of servant
e. Mutual rights and obligations of Master and Servant and Independent Contractor
6. Negligence as a Tort
https://advocatesandhyarathore.com/2025/01/04/negligence-as-a-tort/
a. Duty to take care
b. Breach of duty
c. Consequent damage
d. Contributory negligence
7. Liability of State.
https://advocatesandhyarathore.com/2025/01/04/liability-of-the-state-राज्य-की-जिम्मेदारी/
8. Defences to Actions.
https://advocatesandhyarathore.com/2025/01/04/किसी-कार्यवाही-के-विरुद्/
a. Consent – Volenti Non-Fit Injuria
b. Public Policy
c. Mistake
d. Inevitable Accident
e. Act of God – Private Defence
f. Necessity
g. Statutory Authority
सेमेस्टर: तीसरा (LLM)
शाखा: II (टॉर्ट्स और अपराध)
पेपर: I
पाठ्यक्रम का शीर्षक: टॉर्ट के सामान्य सिद्धांत और विशिष्ट गलतियाँ
1. टॉरटस दायित्व की अवधारणा (Concept of Tortious Liability)
http://advocatesandhyarathore.com/2025/01/04/concept-of-tortious-liability/↗
a. टॉर्ट की परिभाषा
b. अनुबंधीय उत्तरदायित्व से अंतर
c. आपराधिक उत्तरदायित्व से अंतर
d. Damnum Sine Injuria (हानि बिना अधिकार हानि)
e. Injuria Sine Damno (अधिकार हानि बिना वास्तविक हानि)
2. सख्त उत्तरदायित्व (Strict Liability).
http://advocatesandhyarathore.com/2025/01/04/strict-liability-कठोर-उत्तरदायित्व-2/↗
a. खतरनाक वस्तुएं – बचाव – भूमि का गैर-प्राकृतिक उपयोग
b. Rylands v. Fletcher का नियम
http://advocatesandhyarathore.com/2025/01/04/rylands-v-fletcher-के-बचाव-defences/↗
c. इस नियम के विरुद्ध बचाव
3. पूर्ण उत्तरदायित्व का नियम (The Rule of Absolute Liability)
https://advocatesandhyarathore.com/2024/12/28/absolute-liability-पूर्ण-उत्तरदायित्व/
- M.C. Mehta v. Union of India का सिद्धांत।
- http://advocatesandhyarathore.com/2025/01/04/m-c-mehta-v-union-of-india-1987-absolute-liability-principle/↗↗
4. वैधानिक उत्तरदायित्व (Statutory Liability)
http://advocatesandhyarathore.com/2024/12/28/statutory-liability-वैधानिक-उत्तरदायित्व/↗
5. प्रतिनिधिक उत्तरदायित्व (Vicarious Liability)
http://advocatesandhyarathore.com/2025/01/04/vicarious-liability-प्रतिनिधिक-उत्तरदायि/↗
a. मालिक और सेवक (Master and Servant)
b. सेवक कौन है?
c. सेवक को उधार देना (Lending a Servant)
d. कार्य क्षेत्र में गलती:
- सेवक की लापरवाही
- सेवक की गलती
- सेवक की जानबूझकर की गई गलती मालिक और सेवक के पारस्परिक अधिकार और दायित्व
- स्वतंत्र ठेकेदार के साथ अंतर।
6. टॉर्ट के रूप में लापरवाही (Negligence as a Tort)
https://advocatesandhyarathore.com/2025/01/04/negligence-as-a-tort/
a. सावधानी बरतने का कर्तव्य
b. कर्तव्य का उल्लंघन
c. परिणामी हानि
d. सहायक लापरवाही (Contributory Negligence)
7. राज्य की उत्तरदायित्व (Liability of State).
https://advocatesandhyarathore.com/2025/01/04/liability-of-the-state-राज्य-की-जिम्मेदारी/
8. कार्यवाही के विरुद्ध बचाव (Defences to Actions)
https://advocatesandhyarathore.com/2025/01/04/किसी-कार्यवाही-के-विरुद्/
a. सहमति (Volenti Non-Fit Injuria)
b. सार्वजनिक नीति (Public Policy)
c. गलती (Mistake)
d. अनिवार्य दुर्घटना (Inevitable Accident)
e. ईश्वर का कार्य (Act of God) और निजी बचाव (Private Defence)
f. आवश्यकता (Necessity)
g. वैधानिक प्राधिकरण (Statutory Authority)